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As We May Think : ウィキペディア英語版 | As We May Think
"As We May Think" is an essay by Vannevar Bush, first published in ''The Atlantic'' in July 1945 and republished in an abridged version in September 1945 — before and after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Bush expresses his concern for the direction of scientific efforts toward destruction, rather than understanding, and explicates a desire for a sort of collective memory machine with his concept of the memex that would make knowledge more accessible, believing that it would help fix these problems. Through this machine, Bush hoped to transform an information explosion into a knowledge explosion.〔Wardrip-Fruin, Noah and Nick Montfort, eds. ''The New Media Reader'' Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2003 ISBN 0-262-23227-8〕 ==Concept creation== The article was a reworked and expanded version of Bush's essay "Mechanization and the Record" (1939). Here, he described a machine that would combine lower level technologies to achieve a higher level of organized knowledge (like human memory processes). Shortly after the publication of this essay, Bush coined the term "memex" in a letter written to the editor of ''Fortune'' magazine.〔Nyce, James M. & Kahn, Paul. ''From Memex to Hypertext - Vannevar Bush and the Mind's Machine''. Academic Press, Inc. 1991〕 That letter became the body of "As We May Think", which added only an introduction and conclusion. As described, Bush's memex was based on what was thought, at the time, to be advanced technology of the future: ultra high resolution microfilm reels, coupled to multiple screen viewers and cameras, by electromechanical controls. The memex, in essence, reflects a library of collective knowledge stored in a piece of machinery described in his essay as "a piece of furniture."〔Bush, Vannevar. "As We May Think." ''The Atlantic.'' July 1945. Reprinted in ''Life'' magazine September 10, 1945.〕 The ''Atlantic'' publication of Bush's article was followed, in the September 10, 1945 issue of ''Life'' magazine, by a reprint that showed illustrations of the proposed memex desk and automatic typewriter. (Coincidentally, the same issue of ''Life'' contained aerial photos of Hiroshima after the dropping of the atomic bomb, a project Bush was instrumental in starting). Bush also discussed other technologies such as dry photography and microphotography where he elaborates on the potentialities of their future use. For example, Bush states in his essay that "the combination of optical projection and photographic reduction is already producing some results in microfilm for scholarly purposes, and the potentialities are highly suggestive." 〔
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